The Treatment of Acute Schizophrenia Without Drugs. Carpenter, W. American Journal of Psychiatry, 134 (1977), 14-20.
In this 1977 NIMH study, 49 schizophrenia patients placed into an experimental hospital program that provided them with psychosocial support were randomized into drug and non-drug cohorts. Only 35% of the non-medicated patients relapsed within a year after discharge, compared to 45% of those treated with medication. The medicated patients also suffered more from depression, blunted emotions, and retarded movements.
